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Back to health libraryA closer look at 'time in range'
Nov. 3, 2025—If you live with diabetes, you've probably heard a lot about A1C—the number that shows your average blood sugar control over the past few months. But there's another measure that's becoming more common. It's called time in range, or TIR.
You can track TIR with a continuous glucose monitor. It gives you a clear picture of your blood sugar levels between appointments and in real time, rather than just an average over the past few months like the A1C provides.
What time in range means
Time in range is the percentage of time your blood sugar stays within your target range, which for most people is between 70 and 180 mg/dL.
For example, if your glucose levels are in your target range 70% of the day, your TIR is 70%. This means your blood sugar is stable most of the time, a good sign that your management plan is working.
For many people with diabetes, staying in range at least 70% of the time is the goal. But your TIR target may differ depending on your health and your treatment plan. Your doctor can help you figure out what a good goal is.
Real-time insight
TIR lets you see how your everyday habits, meals, activities and medications affect your blood sugar. This way, you can notice patterns as they happen and make small changes that may make a big difference-before your next checkup.
You may learn, for example, that your glucose tends to drop after workouts or spike after certain meals. Catching these trends early can help you and your care team fine-tune your goals and treatment plan to keep you feeling your best.
According to the Endocrine Society and other experts, simply staying in range more often can also make a noticeable difference in how you feel:
- In the short term, you might have steadier energy and fewer highs and lows.
 - For the long term, you're helping to protect yourself against diabetes complications like nerve, kidney and eye problems.
 
A1C tests are still a very important part of your diabetes care, and TIR can work alongside the A1C to help you manage your blood sugar between appointments.
If you're using—or considering—a continuous glucose monitor, talk with your doctor about tracking and improving your TIR to better stay on top of your blood sugar and your overall health.
Sources
- American Academy of Family Physicians. "Glucose Biosensing: Adding Time in Range to Your Toolbox." https://www.aafp.org/about/sponsored-resources/dexcom-glucose-biosensing-adding-time-in-range-to-your-toolbox.html.
 - American Diabetes Association. "CGM and Time in Range." https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/devices-technology/cgm-time-in-range.
 - Endocrine Society. "Continuous Glucose Monitoring: Connecting the Dots." https://www.endocrine.org/-/media/endocrine/files/patient-engagement/brochures/cgm_pocket_guide_english.pdf.
 - Endocrine Society. "Happy Medium Action Plan: Keeping You in the Know About Time-in-Range." https://www.endocrine.org/-/media/endocrine/files/patient-engagement/brochures/happy_medium_action_plan.pdf.
 - Endocrine Society. "Time-in-Range and Diabetes." https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/time-in-range-and-diabetes.
 - National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. "Managing Diabetes." https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/managing-diabetes.
 
